What is the first rule of computer troubleshooting?
Unlike a regular desktop computer, when laptops “freeze up”, it is not obvious how to do this! Even if you pull out the cord, the laptop may just fall asleep and wake up exactly the same. Or maybe it will slowly drain the battery for three hours while you pace in circles.
There are two ways to forcefully power off a laptop.
The first method is to hold down the power button for 4 seconds.
The four-second press is a special technique that is built into all computers and laptops for emergency power off. If nothing happens for 3 seconds, then your computer abruptly turns off, you did it! Power it back on by tapping the power button and your computer should boot back up from scratch.
If your computer immediately starts sleep mode, or hibernation mode, you will need to wake it back up (by pressing the power button) and try the second method.
Second method: Pull the battery out.
Flip your laptop upside down and look on the back for a compartment that has two “lock/unlock” icons that can be released by hand.
This is your battery compartment. Pull the releases apart and your battery will disconnect slightly- this should be enough to power off your laptop. Then push the battery back in and tap the power button to boot up from scratch.
Hopefully at this point your frozen laptop is back to normal! If not, give us a call for assistance: (301) 253-5150
Over the last five years, hard drive encryption has become mainstream for enterprise-size businesses.
I recommend encryption for any business or personal computer which holds critical information, but it is important to understand that it only protects computers that have been physically accessed – it doesn’t help against viruses or attacks against the software.
How it works
The hard drive encryption software turns easily-readable files into encrypted cipher. In this example, “Pa$$w0rd!!” is the encryption key.
The hard drive is where your critical information is held. This information is stored in a logical, well defined matter, in data files that are stored just like the files you see when you open your C:\ drive. A very simple hack is to simply unscrew the target hard drive, plug it into the bad guy’s computer as a secondary drive, and access the files from D:\. This takes skills learned in the first year of a PC tech’s career. It bypasses your log-on passwords and any network security completely. This is what hard drive encryption protects against.
First year PC tech skills. This is also how we save your data when your computer dies (assuming the hard drive is OK).
An encrypted hard drive is split into two sections – a very small decryptor section at the beginning, and the main storage section. The main storage section has the encrypted data, but not any tools to decrypt it. The decryptor section has the knowledge to decrypt, but it doesn’t know the key.
This is visual depiction of an encrypted hard drive. The first section holds the logic to encrypt and decrypt data. The second section holds the actual data – your critical files.
The key is provided by an outside source such as you or a server on your network.
When the computer is powered on, it needs an outside source to provide the encryption key.
Once the key is entered (when the computer boots up), the encryption software will keep using it (storing it temporarily in RAM memory) until the computer is powered off.
Once the key is entered, the encryption software continually uses it until the computer is powered off. This gives the user a good experience because they can access files and use the computer normally, without constantly needing to decrypt files one by one. Since a computer needs to use thousands of files just to do basic tasks, this temporary key storage is necessary.
Automatic decryption once logged on is the reason why hard drive encryption is only a partial solution for security. Once the computer is turned on, the key is entered, and the operating system (such as Windows 10) is running, all files on the hard drive can be accessed across the network or by the logged on user. So all the normal security measures such as patches, antivirus, firewalls, and security policy are still necessary.
Bottom line: If there is any risk that your computer or hard drives could be physically stolen, invest in hard drive encryption.
There are several options ranging from workstation protection (Bitlocker, available with Pro versions of Windows 10), to extremely secure virtualization-compatible products like HyTrust DataControl for $400-$1000 per server. Work with a professional to make sure you have a good backup first, and a plan to troubleshoot issues. Losing the key or corrupting the encryption software can cause a loss of all data.
